Water filters in vacuum cleaners operate by passing the air that has been suctioned into the machine through water thereby removing dust and particles of dust from the air.
For some time water filters were a popular option in vacuum cleaners, but public perception favours HEPA air filters and as such there are not too many water filtered vacuum cleaners on the market today. There are various reasons why one might prefer to have a vacuum cleaner which is filtered via an air filter as against a water filter.
Both HEPA and water filters are designed to remove small particles of dirt from the air. HEPA filters have gained a strong reputation for being able to remove over 99% of particles from the air that are larger than 0.3 microns, which is a very small particle. Water filters do not have this reputation, even though many owners of water filtered vacuum cleaners are very happy with the performance of their appliances. As a result the production of HEPA filtered vacuums is consumer driven, in that the manufacturers are giving the customers what they are asking for more.
You will find that all of the top manufacturers of vacuum cleaners and systems produce a much greater range of HEPA vacuum filtered appliances than those with water filters. Therefore even if you are favourably disposed towards a water filtered type cleaner, you will have less of a range of quality cleaners to choose from.
Given that water is a weighty substance, (remember that a half gallon of water will weigh about 4 pounds), having a water filter vacuum cleaner will add to the weight of the cleaner. HEPA filters are lighter so their inclusion in a vacuum cleaning appliance will not add greatly to the overall weight.
Maintenance of a water vacuum can also be of concern to potential purchasers of water filtered vacuum cleaners. One is supposed to change the water in the filter after each use of the vacuum cleaner. In these times of maximum convenience, many people do not consider this to be something that they want to do. Changing dirty water that contains particles of mold, dirt and other allergens is also something that should be done with a certain amount of care.
One advantage that a vacuum cleaner water filter can boast of is that sweet smelling fragrances can be added to the water and this scent then circulates around the area being vacuumed. While this can certainly be an advantage in some cases where there is a tendency for unpleasant odours to be present, you have to be careful not to release chemicals into the atmosphere in a situation where there are people who suffer from allergies and respiratory problems , as the chemicals can create further difficulties for these people.
There are other disadvantages to HEPA air filtered cleaners, including the fact that they have to have a strong motor in order to allow for the forcing of air through their very dense filters and also that they can be expensive to purchase. There are manufacturers producing modern water filters which are giving a better performance than their predecessors. So whereas at the moment air filtered vacuums and particularly vacuums with HEPA filters have the upper hand in terms of public popularity, the star of the water filtered vacuum cleaner may again rise.